Bilateral Ureteral Obstruction Causing Acute Kidney Injury and Resultant Metformin Toxicity

Division

East Florida

Hospital

Aventura Hospital and Medical Center

Document Type

Case Report

Publication Date

11-16-2021

Keywords

emergency medicine, metformin, high anion gap metabolic acidosis, ureteral calculi, aki

Disciplines

Emergency Medicine | Male Urogenital Diseases

Abstract

A 55-year-old male with a past medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus on metformin presented to the emergency department (ED) due to shortness of breath and three days of lumbar back pain. Workup revealed bilateral obstructing ureteral stones causing bilateral hydronephrosis, acute kidney injury (AKI), and profound anion gap metabolic acidosis due to concomitant metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA). In the ED, the patient developed profound shock refractory to fluid resuscitation, requiring initiation of multiple vasopressors, and stress dose steroids. He was transferred to the interventional radiology suite for bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy tubes and only improved once continuous renal replacement therapy was initiated.

Publisher or Conference

Cureus

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