Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor-Induced Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis in a Type 2 Diabetic Patient

Division

Far West

Hospital

MountainView Hospital

Document Type

Case Report

Publication Date

12-27-2023

Keywords

adult gastroenterology, gastroenterology hepatology, general internal medicine, medication-induced pancreatitis, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (sglt-2) inhibitors

Disciplines

Gastroenterology | Internal Medicine | Medicine and Health Sciences | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Abstract

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) is a life-threatening metabolic complication typically associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, its occurrence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains exceptionally rare. We present a case report detailing the unusual manifestation of euDKA in a patient with T2DM following the initiation of treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. The patient, a 67-year-old female with a history of T2DM and well-controlled blood glucose levels, was commenced on an SGLT-2 inhibitor as part of her antidiabetic regimen just two weeks prior. Subsequently, the patient developed euDKA despite maintaining near-normal glycemic levels. This paradoxical presentation challenges the conventional understanding of DKA in T2DM and underscores the need for heightened clinical awareness. EuDKA associated with SGLT-2 inhibitors is an infrequently reported phenomenon, further complicating the clinical landscape. This case contributes to the growing evidence suggesting an association between SGLT-2 inhibitors and the development of euDKA in patients with T2DM. The rarity of this occurrence necessitates a thorough exploration of potential risk factors and underlying mechanisms.

Publisher or Conference

Cureus

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