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Scholarly Commons > HCA Healthcare Journal > Vol. 2 > Iss. 6 (2021)

 

Keywords

syncope; syncope workup; cost-conscious evaluation; high-value care; cost and cost analysis; health care costs; financial stress; neuroimaging; brain CT; brain MRI; stress test; EKG; electrocardiography; tilt-table test; diagnostic techniques and procedures

Disciplines

Cardiology | Circulatory and Respiratory Physiology | Emergency Medicine | Internal Medicine | Other Public Health

Abstract

Background

Patients with syncope often undergo costly testing, despite current guidelines and data supporting the contrary.

Objective

To determine the diagnostic value through positivity rate of electrocardiogram (EKG), computed tomography (CT) of the brain, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, transthoracic echocardiogram, nuclear and pharmacologic cardiac stress test, tilt table test and carotid ultrasound in patients diagnosed with syncope.

Methods

This is a retrospective study of 10,036 adults presenting to the emergency department or hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of syncope at 8 acute care facilities in the southwest United States from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2019. A chi-square analysis was performed for each testing modality to evaluate for a statistically significant difference. The cost of each test was estimated based on published national averages per Medicare.

Results

Of our sample, 903 patients (9%) received a test that yielded any positive finding. The results in the order of highest percent positivity rate to lowest were EKG (5.7%), carotid ultrasound (4.84%), transthoracic echocardiogram (2.56%), tilt table test (1%), MRI brain (0.99%), CT brain (0.82%) and cardiac stress test (0.09%). The total sum spent on testing was estimated at $43,347,332. Only $489,170 of this total was spent on a positive test. If this data is expanded to the 6,146 hospitals across the United States, a yearly $33 billion are wasted on syncope workups.

Conclusion

Costly testing continues to be performed on syncope patients despite guidelines discouraging testing. The necessity of these tests should be carefully evaluated for each patient based on diagnostic value.

Erratum

Pagination was incorrect. Page numbers have been corrected.

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